How are energy services delivered in Denmark?

Some of the services are delivered through energy markets in Denmark (they are referenced in each of the subsections); certain are remu-nerated in other countries, e.g. in the US, or are not linked to any compensa-tion at all.

Is a storage facility a challenge in Denmark?

In Denmark, a storage facility can by definition (Energinet, 2019): The participation of storage assets in different markets may be a challenge. These challenges might be just as much a consequence of regulatory design as technical limitations.

Which storage demonstration projects have been carried out in Denmark?

As reported in Table 1, two significant storage demonstration projects were carried out in Denmark in the past years. The batteries installed in Nordhavn (Copenhagen) were tested mainly for the provision of primary regulation (TSO service) and peak shaving (DSO service).

How is Energinet regulated in Denmark?

In Denmark, Energinet ensures the international obligation to have at least one top-down (i.e. through interconnectors) and one bottom-up (i.e. a unit) restoration system per market area. The market is regulated through bilateral agreements, which shall encompass the requirements in Table 4.

Why do electric energy storage facilities need to be connected?

Electric energy storage facilities, such as batteries, must comply with technical requirements to be connected to the distribution network. This is to ensure a high quality in the delivery of electricity to all customers.

Do energy storage facilities need a grid connection?

Facilities with electric energy storage (including hybrid facilities) must comply with the requirements set in Technical Regulation 3.3.1 issued by Energinet. Green Power Denmark has therefore developed a series of appendices for the grid connection of energy storage facilities to low-, medium-, and high-voltage networks based on TF 3.3.1.