What is a photovoltaic (PV) panel?

Photovoltaic (PV) panels are the core of any solar power system. Understanding key specifications will help you compare quality, performance, and long-term reliability across different brands and technologies. This guide explains the most important technical terms so you can make an informed solar investment.

What is rated power output of a solar panel?

The rated power output of a solar panel is measured in watts (W) and indicates the amount of electricity that the panel can produce under standard test conditions. With enough sunlight, that number is what the panel will be generating. P MPP = I MPP × V MPP Power at MPP equals current at MPP times voltage at MPP MPP stands for Maximum Power Point.

What is the maximum power voltage of a solar panel?

Usually, most of the companies manufacturing solar panels specify the maximum power voltage (Vmp) of the panels. This voltage usually ranges from 70 – 80% of the panels’ open-circuit voltage (Voc). Impp refers to the maximum power point current. This shows the current value in amperes, while the power output is full.

What certifications are included in a solar panel spec sheet?

Below are a few certifications you may encounter in a typical solar panel spec sheet. IEC 61215 and IEC/UL 61730: These are international standards for testing and certifying the performance and safety of solar panels. They cover a range of tests such as thermal cycling, hail impact, and resistance to wind and snow loads.

What is open circuit voltage (Voc) of a solar panel?

Similarly, the open circuit voltage (Voc) of a solar panel refers to the voltage across its terminals when there is no external load or current flowing through it. In other words, it is the maximum voltage that the solar panel can produce when it is not connected to any electrical device or circuit.

How do you know if a solar panel is Power rated?

You can see that connectors also have an IP rating. Electrical specifications are the most important part of the datasheet. This is where you can find the voltage, current and expected power output of the solar panel. The power class is a way to classify the variations of the same model based on their wattage or power rating.