What is a secondary battery?

A secondary battery, also known as a rechargeable battery, is an energy storage device that can be recharged and reused multiple times. It converts chemical energy into electrical energy through reversible chemical reactions, unlike primary batteries that are single-use. Common examples are Li-ion, NiMH, and lead-acid batteries.

Why are secondary batteries important?

Secondary batteries are crucial to integrating renewable energy sources into the grid. They store excess energy generated from solar panels and wind turbines, ensuring a steady supply even when the sun isn’t shining or the wind isn’t blowing.

Are aqueous secondary batteries suitable for large-scale energy storage?

In summary, although aqueous secondary batteries hold bright prospects for large-scale energy storage, their current performance remains far below practical application requirements .

Are aqueous secondary batteries suitable for next-generation energy storage devices?

Moreover, aqueous electrolytes generally have high ionic conductivity, facilitating high power output [5, 6]. Consequently, it's evident that elevated-performance aqueous secondary batteries are recognized as advantageous candidates for next-generation energy storage devices .

How to extend the life of secondary batteries?

To extend the life of secondary batteries, follow proper charging practices. Avoid overcharging and deep discharging, as these can degrade the battery’s performance over time. A smart charger that automatically stops charging when the battery is complete can help.

What are aqueous secondary batteries?

Compared to conventional non-aqueous battery systems, aqueous secondary batteries are distinguished by their intrinsic safety, economic viability and environmental compatibility, owing to the utilization of water-based electrolytes without flammability and toxicity.