Can colloid electrolytes be used in proton batteries?

Herein, a new chemistry is demonstrated to additionally form homogeneous and stable colloids in H 2 SO 4 (≥ 1.0 M). Application of colloid electrolytes in the emerging proton batteries results in significantly extended battery cycle life from tens-of-hours to months. 1. Introduction

Why are colloid electrolytes used in flow batteries?

The enhancements are attributed to improved anode stability, cathode efficiency and stabilized charge compensation in colloid electrolytes. Furthermore, the colloid electrolytes also show possibilities for applications in flow batteries.

Do colloids prolong proton battery life?

Colloid electrolytes significantly prolong proton battery cycle life from just tens-of-hours to months. Properties, components, and their interactions of the MnO 2 colloids are disclosed via comprehensive analysis. The emerging proton electrochemistry offers opportunities for future energy storage of high capacity and rate.

Why do colloid electrolytes have stabilized charge compensation?

These results suggest stabilized charge compensation in colloid electrolytes, possibly due to the formed colloids (including the wrapping "clouds" shown in Fig. 1) at the electrode vicinity which can suppress further MnO 2 detachment (Fig. S25).

Does colloid electrolyte improve cell cycle?

In contrast, significantly improved cycling is achieved with the colloid electrolyte, and the cell runs stably over 300 cycles (some 36.1 h time range).

Which electrolyte ions coordinate a colloid particle?

Comprehensive analysis shows the colloid particle is mainly a MnO 2 nucleus coordinated by electrolyte ions of hydrated Mn 2+, Mn 3+, H + and SO 42-.