Why is energy storage a critical port function?

Ensuring availability of these electrical resources to meet loads which are intermittent and uncertain is becoming a critical port function. It requires investment in multi-vector energy supply chains, energy storage in ports and their associated energy management systems.

How can port energy systems be integrated?

Integration of port energy systems. Port clustering allows different energy systems (conventional and alternative) to operate independently, resulting in better integration between supply and demand. This allows for an energy trading system where energy surpluses could be traded between suppliers and users within the port community.

What is the energy supply for port operations?

The energy supply for port operations can be from fossil fuels, clean fuels including renewable sources. The energy can also be obtained from the grid in the form of electricity or it can be generated within the port. In this section, renewable energy and other clean fuels are assessed as the energy supply for ports. 4.2.1. Renewable energy

What is energy consumption in a port?

The energy consumption can be in the form of electricity or fuel. In the recent years, there has been a shift towards electrification of equipment along with the use of electricity generated in a port from renewable energy sources. Electrification also replaces fuel to supply power for ships during hotelling at berths.

How will port energy systems change the industrial ecosystem?

The transition of port energy systems will be accompanied by a corresponding shift in the port industrial ecosystem. Offshore wind power generation. Through the maritime interface, ports can access large coastal oceanic areas, offering wind generation opportunities.

How can ports reduce energy costs?

ESSOP has explored two ways in which ports can minimize their energy costs by using energy storage: • Optimising how to use PV solar generation to offset grid electricity. The wholesale price of energy varies every half-hour, and on a time-of-day tariff this variation is passed onto users.